Each Linux Distro handles Network Interface configuration a little differently
Debian
To change IP, Mask, & Gateway edit /etc/network/interfaces
Example:
#Primary Network Interface iface eth0 inet static address 10.0.0.100 netmask 255.255.255.0 gateway 10.0.0.254 network 10.0.0.0
Then run (as root/su)
/sbin/ifdown -a && /sbin/ifup -a
This restarts all interfaces
Red Hat / Fedora
GUI RedHat/Fedora has a nice GUI tool for configuring your NIC the package is called 'system-config-network'
Command Line To change IP, Mask, & Gateway edit /etc/sysconfig/networking/devices/ifcfg-<interface name>
Example: vi /etc/sysconfig/networking/devices/ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0 BOOTPROTO=none BROADCAST=10.0.0.255 HWADDR=ff:41:06:da:66:b4 IPADDR=10.0.0.1 NETMASK=255.255.255.0 NETWORK=10.0.0.0 ONBOOT=yes TYPE=Ethernet USERCTL=no PEERDNS=yes GATEWAY=10.0.0.254 IPV6INIT=no
Gentoo
/etc/conf.d/net
BSD
/etc/rc.conf
Solaris
/etc/hostname.interface
Configuring DNS Name Servers
All Distros
DNS name servers are stored in /etc/resolv.conf
Example:
#DNS Name Servers nameserver 10.0.0.1 nameserver 10.0.0.2
If the DNS name servers are Windows DNS servers and you can't resolve Windows Hostnames add this line to resolv.conf:
search domain.tld
where domain.tld is the fully qualified domain name of your windows AD domain.