Force Domain Computer to Refresh its Group Membership

Overview

Active Directory computer objects only update their group membership upon reboot (much like user objects update their membership at logon). Sometimes you need a computer to update its membership but can't reboot because the computer is serving some critical function.

KLIST

You can use c:\windows\system32\klist.exe and gpupdate.exe to force a refresh. klist.exe needs to be run with Domain Admin or higher privilege. It may even need to be run as the NT Authority\System account.

klist.exe /purge
gpupdate /force

Reference

https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/hh134826(v=ws.11).aspx

https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/jamoyer/2008/01/30/update-computer-account-group-membership-without-rebooting/